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See Pamela W. Hawkes, AIA, The Pavilion: An Historic Structures Report, Boston, Ann Beha Associates, 1993; rev. 1995, 60 p. [FTA]. See Lucinda A. Brockway, Historic Landscape Report for the Pavilion Grounds and le jardin du Roi, Kennebunk, Maine, Past Designs, 1995, 117 p. [FTA].
Eighteenth-century Gardens and Landscape Malcolm Andrews, The Search for the Picturesque: Landscape Aesthetics and Tourism in Britain, 1760-1800, Stanford, California, Stanford University Press, 1987. Alfred Aucoin, A Report on an 18th-century "Potager" Garden, unpub. report from Fortress Louisbourg NHS, September 1975. Adolphus Benzel, "Remarks on Lake Champlain," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. XII no. 5 (December 1969), pp. 358-364. Report on Benzel’s timber-cruise of the basin in 1772 in search of mast trees six feet in diameter: "abundant" except near the forts. See also Benzel’s "Memorial Address to the King," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. IX no. 5 (Summer 1954), pp. 303-305. This summarizes his service in North America. Alexander Vance Campbell, "Through So Many Hazards": A History of the First Battalion of the 60th (Royal American) Regiment of Foot, 1756-1763, MA Thesis submitted to the University of Maryland, 1995, p. 205. [FTA]. Asserts that drummers were assigned gardening detail. R. Carvallo, Villandry and its Gardens, Joue-les-Tours, R. Carvallo, 1991. [FTA]. An extraordinary potager maintained as a tourist attraction (300,000 a year) adjacent to the chateau. R. Carvallo, The Gardens of Villandry: Techniques and Plants, Joue-les-Tours, R. Carvallo, 1991. [FTA]. Includes a long appendix by Frederic de Foucaud on the symbolism of the various garden vegetables Stephen Copley and Peter Garside, eds., The Politics of the Picturesque: Literature, Landscape and Aesthetics Since 1770, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1994. See esp. Michael Charlesworth, "The Ruined Abbey: Picturesque and Gothic Values," pp. 62-80. Anne Grant, Memoirs of An American Lady: With Sketches of Manners and Scenes in America, Albany, Joel Munsell, 1876, pp. 258-261. [FTA #1365]. Describes development of the English garrison garden at Oswego. Jacob L. Grimm, Archeological Investigation of Fort Ligonier, 1960-1965, Pittsburgh, Carnegie Museum, 1970, p. 21. Variety of vegetables raised. Udney Hay, ADQMG, "A Return of a Number of Men under the command of Lieut. Col. Udney Hay," June 1777, Proceedings of A General Court Martial . . . for the Trial of Major General St. Clair . . . 1778, reprinted in Collections of the New-York Historical Society for the Year 1880, 1881, p. 56. [FTA #4540]. Lists number of gardeners by regiment (Bradford’s, Jackson’s, Marshall’s, Brewer’s) among the fatiguemen selected out. May Brawley Hill, Furnishing the Old-Fashioned Garden: Three Centuries of American Summerhouses, Dovecotes, Pergolas, Privies, Fences, & Birdhouses, New York, Harry N. Abrams, 1998. [FTA]. John Dixon Hunt, The Figure in the Landscape: Poetry, Painting, and Gardening during the Eighteenth Century, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989, 288 pp., pb, $17.95 John Dixon Hunt, "Style and Idea in Anglo-Dutch Gardens," The Magazine Antiques (December 1988), pp. 1354-1361. "The Journal of a Colonial Soldier [John Hurlburt, Jr.]," The Magazine of American History, vol. XXIX no. 4 (April 1893), pp. 395-396. [FTA #478]. Journal covers 20 May-8 December 1759. Good detail on Fort Ticonderoga gardens and naval vessels. John Brinckerhoff Jackson, The Necessity of Ruins and Other Topics, Amherst, University of Massachusetts Press, 1980. "Nearer than Eden," pp. 19-35. "Gardens to Decipher and Gardens to Admire," pp. 37-53. Peter Kalm, Travels in North America in 1750, ed. and trans. by Adolph B. Benson, New York, Dover Publications, vol. I, 1966. French interest in natural sciences, pp. 374-376; gardens at the French garrison at Crown Point, pp. 379-383. Mark Laird, "Approaches to Planting in the Late Eighteenth Century: Some Imperfect Ideas on the Origins of the American Garden," Journal of Garden History, vol. II no. 3 (July-September 1991), pp. 154-172. Robert Leake, Commissary General of Stores and Provisions, letters from March 1757 to May 1758, including seed orders and garden-care instructions for Fort Edward and Fort William Henry. Earl of Loudoun to Sir William Johnson, 23 July 1757, requesting seeds and plant specimens (sugar maple, white pine, snake root, sarsparilla, and "plants like a lime and the Lemen." Fort Ticonderoga collection. [FTA #M-2039]. Published in The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. VI no. 2 (July 1941), pp. 82-83. Captain John Montrésor, "Fort Edward, 1757," Collections of the New-York Historical Society for 1881, vol. XIV (1882), pp. 150-151. [FTA #4541]. Includes map of Hospital garden at Schenectady; 6-3/4 acres. Naomi F. Miller and Kathryn L. Gleason, eds., The Archeology of Field and Garden, Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994. Antonio Pace, ed., Luigi Castiglioni’s Viaggio: Travels in the United States of America, 1785-1787, Syracuse, Syracuse University Press, 1983, pp. 47, 70-71, 85. [FTA]. Italian botanist visits in August 1785. Gooseberries in the vicinity. Notes ruins of Mount Independence. Barbara Maria Stafford, Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760-1840, Cambridge, MIT Press, 1984. See esp. Chapter 1, "The Taste for Discovery," on gardens and the picturesque landscape. William Strickland, Journal of a Tour in the United States of America, 1794-1795, ed. Rev. J.E. Strickland, New York, New-York Historical Society, 1971. Discusses visits to gardens and nurseries in New York City, pp. 55-58; locust trees, p. 101. Mary Mackay Harvey, "Gardens of Shelburne, Nova Scotia," APT Bulletin, vol. VII no. 2 (1975), pp. 32-72. [Copy in FTA research files] Col. Marinus Willet to Col. Peter Gansevoort, Fort Schuyler, 15 April 1778. [FTA Research Files; Gansevoort Military Papers, p. 196.] Fencing in individual plots for officers. [Commissary Wilson’s Orderly Book] Expedition of the British and Provincial Army under Maj. Gen. Jeffrey Amherst, Against Ticonderoga and Crown Point, 1759, J. Watts dePeyster, ed., Albany, Joel Munsell, 1857. [FTA #3345]. Assigns guards to protect the gardens (pp. 102 and 115), and then returns four named men from Crown Point to Ticonderoga to care for the garden (p. 117). Harvesting the field of pease at Crown Point (p. 118). Lemuel Wood, "Diaries Kept by Lemuel Wood of Boxford . .
.," Sidney Perley, ed., Essex Institute Historical Collections pp.
61-74, 143-152, 183-192; XX (1883) pp. 156-160, 198-208, 289-296; XXI (1884) pp.
63-68. [FTA]. Extract for 15 August 1759 describing Fort Ticonderoga reprinted
in The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. II no. 6 (July
1932), pp. 252-253. Reprinted in Russell P. Bellico, Chronicles of Lake
George: Journeys in War and Peace, Fleischmanns, Purple Mountain Press,
1995, pp. 121-145. [FTA]. Wood served in Col. Willard’s Massachusetts
Regiment. William Ferris Pell’s Gardens May Brawley Hill, Furnishing the Old-Fashioned Garden: Three Centuries of American Summerhouses, Dovecotes, Pergolas, Privies, Fences, & Birdhouses, New York, Harry N. Abrahms, 1998, p. 55. "The Garrison Grounds," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. IV no. 2 (July 1936), p. 28-30. "William Ferris Pell," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. IV no. 2 (July 1936), p. 26-27. re Jonah Snow, employee of SHPP in the Log House, whose grandfather worked for WFP in the garden: "Museum Notes," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. IV no. 3 (January 1937), p. 53. Ann Leighton, American Gardens of the Nineteenth Century: "For Comfort and Affluence," Amherst, University of Massachusetts Press, 1987. Therese O’Malley, "Charles Willson Peale’s Belfield: Its Place in American Garden History," New Perspectives on Charles Willson Peale, Lillian B. Miller and David C. Ward, eds., Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991, pp. 267-282. Therese O’Malley, "Landscape Gardening in the Early National Period," in Edward J. Nygren, ed., Views and Visions: American Landscape Before 1830, Washington, D.C., Corcoran Gallery of Art, 1986. John R. Stilgoe, Borderland: Origins of the American Suburb, 1820-1939 (New Haven, Conn., Yale University Press, 1988). David C. Ward, "Charles Willson Peale’s Farm Belfield: Enlightened Agriculture in the Early Republic," New Perspectives on Charles Willson Peale, Lillian B. Miller and David C. Ward, eds., Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991, pp. 283-301. Belfield begun in 1810.
Ticonderoga and The Pavilion 1819 Benjamin Silliman, Remarks made on a Short Tour Between Hartford and Quebec in the Autumn of 1819, 2nd edition, New Haven, S. Converse, 1824, pp. 167-169 (passing by the Fort on the steamboat), pp. 195-205 (visiting with S.F.B. Morse in 1821). [FTA #3501]. ca. 1820 Plan of Grounds at Beaumont, ca. 1820. Undated sketch in FTA manuscript collection. [FTA #M-3021]. 1823 Rev. Timothy Dwight, Travels through New York and New England, London, 1823, vol. 3, pp. 324-325, 381-382. [FTA #2796]. The first edition was Hartford, 1821. 1824 "Journal of the Corps of Cadets," a manuscript account of the annual cadet hike from Norwich University to Fort Ticonderoga in 1824. Gift to the Museum by Mrs. James Rogers IV. See The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. XIV no. 4 (Fall 1983), p. 266. 1830 Rev. Jared Sparks, "Plans and Descriptions of Gates’ Camp, Ticonderoga, Crown Point, St. John’s, and other Places," 1830. Manuscript in the collection of Harvard College. ca. 1832-6 M. Welsh, "Carillon and the Ruins of Fort Ticonderoga," engraving, 4-7/8 x 8-1/4 in. [FTA]. 1833 The Traveller’s Guide: through the Middle and Northern States, 5th ed., Saratoga Springs, G.M. Davison, 1833. 1833 James Stuart, Three Years in North America, vol. I, Edinburgh, Robert Cadell, 1833, pp. 167-170. [FTA #2810]. See p. 170 for Mr. Pell’s work on the King’s Garden. 1836 Nathaniel Hawthorne, "A Visit to Ticonderoga 100 Years Ago," in The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. IV no. 1 (January 1936), pp. 12-17. (Reprinted from American Monthly Magazine, vol. I [February 1836], pp. 138-142.) (Anthologized in Hawthorne’s Snow-Image and Other Twice-Told Tales, 1851, as "Old Ticonderoga: A Picture of the Past," pp. 221-227. [FTA #2347]) For related material, see Hawthorne’s "Old News" essays, including a piece on the "Old French War.") 1839/40 Archibald Pell dies at Ticonderoga, 19 April 1839 and is buried there.
The Pavilion Hotel 1841 Theodore Dwight, The Northern Traveller; Containing the Routes to the Springs, Niagara, Quebec . . ., sixth ed., New York, John P. Haven, 1841, pp. 102-103. [FTA #2757]. 1841 "Lake George Steam Packet, Wm. Caldwell," advertisement in Saratoga Whig, 8 June 1841, p. 3, col. 4. Saratoga Public Library. [FTA research files]. "The Boat will remain at Ticonderoga three hours, giving to parties who wish to return, time to visit the ruins of the Old Fort, and Dine, and leave again for Caldwell, at 2 o’clock the same day." 1845 A Rambler, "Old Ti--Lake George--Champlain--Old Times, Etc.," New York Daily Tribune, 26 July 1845, 1:3. Copy in Fort Ticonderoga research files. 1848 Benson J. Lossing, "A Visit to Ticonderoga in 1848," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. I no. 5 (January 1929), pp. 22-30. Includes dinner at the Pavilion. 1850 Mrs. John S. Van Winkle, manuscript travel diary, 1850, including visit to Fort Ticonderoga and The Pavilion. [FTA ms collection]. Guided by a "Revolutionary War veteran," visited the ovens, "brought away with us a piece of an old door sill" and frost grapes, enjoyed Pavilion Hotel and luncheon of whortleberries and cream. 1853 T. Addison Richards, "Lake George," Harper’s New Monthly Magazine, vol. VII no. 38 (June 1853), pp. 161-170. Fort Ticonderoga is illustrated and discussed on p. 170. Hotel and grounds also described. [FTA]. 1856 Die Vernon, "The Editor’s Table," The Knickerbocker, vol. xlviii (July 1856), pp.81-88. p. 82: "The food is bad, the cooking worse, the rooms are small, the beds large . . . ." Copy in Fort Ticonderoga research files. 1858 Flavius Josephus Cook, Home Sketches of Essex County: Ticonderoga, Keeseville, N.Y., W. Lansing & Son, 1858, pp. 55-56. 1866 "Visit to Fort Ticonderoga," in The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. IX no. 5 (summer 1954), pp. 299-303. (Reprinted from Journal of Commerce as "Watering Place Letters," July 30, 1866.) "By the time that these ruins had been thoroughly examined, and dinner eaten at a neat little hostel pleasantly situated in a grove near the fortifications, the steamboat was in readiness to convey us down Lake Champlain to Crown Point." (p. 303). 1868 "Fort Ticonderoga Hotel / R.C. Jenkins, Proprietor / Open for Reception of Guests June 8, 1868 . . . " [FTA broadside #1998.037.002]. "Hotel has been newly furnished; the Rooms are airy, large, and in suites, or Private Parlors, as may be desired." 1869 Dr. J. Percival Hunt, My First Trip to the New World, Dublin, W.B. Kelly, pp. 128-131. [FTA]. Visits Pavilion and Fort after the season is over. 1871 Theodore Roosevelt, 4 August 1871, Diaries of Boyhood and Youth, New York, Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1928, p. 244. "On the way to Lake Champlain [from Lake George] we passed Fort Ticonderoga which Ethan Allen so gallantly took and which is now a mere ruin. At the hotel we got a piece of shell from there. Going up Lake Champlain Mother and her maid were seasick . . . ." TR was 2 years old at the time. 1873 Seneca Ray Stoddard, Lake George; (Illustrated) A Book of To-day, Albany, Weed, Parsons & Co., 1873, p. 122. "Fort Ticonderoga Hotel" situated at the ruins; run by J.B. Wicker; specialty: dinners. 1873 Seneca Ray Stoddard, Ticonderoga: Past and Present "Mixed," Albany, Weed, Parsons & Co., 1873, pp. 50-65. c.1884 "Fort Ticonderoga Hotel [adv. card with illustration], Gilligan & Stevens, Props.," n.d. (1884), Scrapbooks, vol. 8, p. 4. 1884 Gilligan & Stevens, props.; Ticonderoga bird’s-eye view, 1884. Ticonderoga Historical Society. 1891 "Pavilion Hotel, S.H. Brand, prop." Ticonderoga bird’s-eye view, 1891. Ticonderoga Historical Society. 1899 "Lunch Time, Fort Ticonderoga, July 19, 1899," [pencil sketch]. Location of the original unknown (12/94). Creeko Creations, Johnson Creek, Wisconsin 53038. Sketch #21480. c.1900 Ernest Peixotto, A Revolutionary Pilgrimage, New York, Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1917, pp. 51-65+. [FTA]. pp. 57-58 describe a grim eight-day stay at the Pavilion hotel run by a "shiftless proprietor."
The Pavilion and King’s Garden Restored 1908 Hon. John E. Milholland, "The Preservation of Fort Ticonderoga by Town Ownership," an address to the Ticonderoga Historical Society, 2 September 1908. Witherbee Reference Collection, Sherman Free Library, Port Henry. [Copy in FTA Research Files.] 1909 Stephen H.P. Pell to "my dearest mother," 9 February 1909. [Pell Family Papers, FTA]. "We are pushing the work on the old house at Ticonderoga and it will be finished by the Spring. . . ." 1909 Stephen H.P. Pell, "The Restoration of Fort Ticonderoga," Travel Magazine, July 1909, pp. 464-468. [FTA #P-4054]. 1910 Fort Ticonderoga Scrapbooks, vol. 1, p. 163: The Pavilion in early state of Bossom-repair, July 1909; p. 166: the garden before the wall was built; p. 170: Pavilion, July 1910. 1913 Howland Pell, "The Germain Redoubt at Fort Ticonderoga," Eighteenth Annual Report of the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society, 1913, pp. 619-625 and plates 53 and 54. [FTA #4373]. Restoration of the blockhouse was begun in autumn 1909 (p. 623) and finished the following spring. Bossom did the planning. Stone was recovered from the covered way between the Germain and Pontleroy redoubts. c. 1920 Fort Ticonderoga Scrapbooks, vol. III, p. 40: SHPP and JHGP outside Pavilion garden wall; p. . INTERIORS; p. 71: unidentified, undated rotogravure photo of Pavilion garden (on same page with April 1927 photo of Fife and Drum Corps). 1920 M.Y. Ferris, Residence of S.H.P. Pell, Esq., Fort Ticonderoga, N.Y., 18 October 1920. [FTA]. 1921 Alfred C. Bossom, "In the Garden of S.H.P. Pell, Fort Ticonderoga, New York," The American Architect, vol. 119-2 no. 2365 (20 April 1921), p. 479. 1921 Alfred C. Bossom, "The Home of S.H.P. Pell, Esq., Fort Ticonderoga, New York," The American Architect, vol. 120 no. 2371 (6 July 1921), p. . Includes 2 plates. 1924 Marian C. Coffin, "The Gardens of Fort Ticonderoga: The Residence of Mr. and Mrs. Stephen H. Pell, Fort Ticonderoga, New York," Country Life in America, March 1924, pp. 49-52. Photographs by Harry Healy; photographs now in the Ballard Collection, Winterthur, and study-prints at FTA. Copy of article in Fort Ticonderoga Scrapbook, vol. III, following p. 41. 1925 Alfred C. Bossom, "The Restoration of Fort Ticonderoga," Architecture, vol. LII no. 2 (August 1925), pp. 275-279. [FTA; clipping in Ticonderoga Historical Society #M.76.173.] 1925 Alfred C. Bossom, Architect, 366 Fifth Avenue, N.Y., "Garrison Grounds at Fort Ticonderoga," [1925], in Fort Ticonderoga Visitors’ Guide. [FTA #P-2078]. Map printed on tissue as part of guide brochure. 1926 Roger B. Whitman, "Fort Ticonderoga: A Lesson in Americanization," The World’s Work, 1926, pp. 651-657. heavily illustrated. [FTA #P-1826]. Northern entrance to garden with roses. 1926-27 Sarah G.T. Pell, "The Pavilion and the King’s Garden," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. VII no. 5 (January 1947), pp. 3-15; reprinted in vol. X no. 2 (1958), pp. 112-123. From a manuscript written by SGTP in the winter of 1926-27 and found among her papers after she died in 1939. 1927/1978 Sarah Gibbs Hudson Krueger and Sarah Gibbs Thompson Pell, Jardin du Roi: The Garden of the King, Fort Ticonderoga, 1978. A pamphlet prepared for the 1978 Garden Club of America visit. 1928 Helen Ives Gilchrist, "Le Jardin du Roi," [poem] The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. I no. 4 (July 1928), pp. 14-15. The garden illustrated on p. 15. 1929 "Mrs. Pell’s Garden," The Founders’ Gardens, Baltimore, Waverly Press for Garden Clubs of Essex County, New York, 1929, pp. 9-11. 1929 "The Pavilion," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. I no. 5 (January 1929), pp. 20-22. Pavilion portico illustrated p. 21. 1930 "The Fort, Pavilion, and King’s Garden in 1930," [aerial photograph], The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. IV no. 2 (July 1936), p. 24. Other views on pp. 32 and 38. 1931 Stephen H.P. Pell, "Fort Carillon at Ticonderoga," Le Messager de New-York: Revue Franco-Americaine, New York, 1931. Illustrated: "Le Jardin du Roi, au Fort Carillon," p. 19 (pre-Diana). 1932 Eleanor Sinclair Rohde, The Story of the Garden, Boston, Hale, Cushman, and Flint, 1932. With a chapter on American Gardens by Mrs. Francis King: pp. 245-247 quotes SHPP on Pavilion garden; names Miss Marian Coffin as designer. 1935 John H.G. Pell, "Ticonderoga: Its Ruin and Restoration," Country Life in America, vol. 68 no. 4 (August 1935). 1937 "The Oldest Garden on this Continent," Horticulture, vol. XV no. 16 (August 15, 1937), pp. 339-340. [FTA #P-4052]. 1938 Sarah G.T. Pell, "Diana in the King’s Garden," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. IV no. 7 (July 1938), p. 18. A sonnet. Diana is pictured on the frontispiece. 1941 "America’s Oldest Garden," Horticulture, (August 1, 1941), p. 340. 1945 SHPP, "Fort Ticonderoga: Its Salvation, Preservation, and Restoration," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. VII no. 1 (January 1945), frontispiece and pp. 2-10. 1948 Photographs of the garden in untitled cover story Vermont Life, (Spring 1948), p. 27. [FTA]. 1958 Alice M.S. Lighthall, "Ticonderoga, July 11, 1758," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. X no. 3 (1959), p. 247. A poem. 1963 Alice C. Winchester, "Living with Antiques: The Pavilion, Summer Home of Mr. and Mrs. John H.G. Pell," The Magazine Antiques, July 1963, pp. 52-56. A following article by Jane M. Lape discusses the Fort, pp. 57-59. [FTA]. 1967 "Museum Notes," The Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum, vol. XII no. 3 (October 1967), pp. 233-234. Museum develops pier at Lafayette Landing and daily tours of the Pavilion garden. 1971 Elizabeth D. Corning, "The King’s Garden at Fort Ticonderoga," a report made to the Garden Club of America Zone Meeting, 1971, 4 pp. Copy in Fort Ticonderoga research files. 1978 Sarah Gibbs Hudson Krueger and Sarah Gibbs Thompson Pell, Jardin du Roi: The Garden of the King, Ticonderoga, Fort Ticonderoga, 1978. Prepared for Garden Club of America visit. 1988 Mark A. Hewitt, "Living With Antiques: The Pavilion, Ticonderoga, New York," The Magazine Antiques, July 1988, frontis. (p. 114) and pp. 130-141. 1995 Nancy Fleming, Money, Maintenance, & Manure: Ingredients for Successful Gardens of Marian Coffin, Pioneer Landscape Architect, 1876-1957, Weston, Massachusetts, Country Place Press, 1995, pp. 5, 36, 39, 70-80, 114-118. "Into the Next Century: The King’s Garden, Ticonderoga, New York," The Newsletter of The Garden Conservancy, Summer 1997, p. 4. 2000 Sylvia Farrer-Bornarth, "Muskets into Ploughshares," Historic Gardens Review, autumn 2000, pp. 24-27.
Alfred C. Bossom Alfred C. Bossom’s American Architecture, 1903-1926, ed. Dennis Sharp, London, Book Art, 1984. [FTA #1990.6]. Catalogue for an exhibition presented in Britain (1984) and the United States (1985). Bossom evaluates "the American approach to historic preservation" [at Colonial Williamsburg] in American Architect and Building News, vol. 169 (27 March 1942), pp. 229-230. Also The Builder, vol. 162 (27 March 1942), pp. 273-275.
Marian Cruger Coffin (1876-1957) Charles A. Birnbaum and Robin S. Karson, Pioneers of American Landscape Design (New York, McGraw-Hill, 2000), pp. Nancy M. Fleming, "Marian Coffin and the Roses in Her Landscapes," Journal of the New England Garden History Society, vol. 2 (Fall 1992), pp. 46-52. Nancy Fleming, Money, Maintenance, & Manure: Ingredients for Successful Gardens of Marian Coffin, Pioneer Landscape Architect, 1876-1957, Weston, Massachusetts, Country Place Press, 1995, pp. 5, 36, 39, 70-80, 114-118. Norman T. Newton, "The Country Place Era," Design on the Land: The Development of Landscape Architecture, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1971, pp. 441-443. Notes that Coffin suffered a serious illness in 1927. Re M.C. Coffin: "Pioneer Among Women Landscape Architects," 1929 newspaper clipping on microfilm at Harvard Graduate School of Design, Loeb Library. VF NAB 205Cof. Original source unknown.
Anna Hyatt Huntington (1876-1973) Doris E. Cook, Woman Sculptor: Anna Hyatt Huntington (1876-1973), Hartford, Connecticut, 1976. [FTA #P-5066]. Bibliography, pp. 40-42. "Young Diana" in the King’s Garden was one of half-a-dozen castings of this 1924 statue. Beatrice Gilman Proske, Brookgreen Gardens, Brookgreen, S.C., The Trustees, 1943, pp. 177-185. [FTA]. Bibliography, pp. 184-185. Gary Blonston, "Splendor in the Low Country," Art & Antiques, May 1994, pp. 66-71. [FTA] Diana of the Chase (1922) is at Brookgreen Garden. Anna Hyatt Huntington Papers are at George Arents Research
Library, Syracuse University. Edward Pierce Hamilton, Fort Ticonderoga: Key to a Continent, Boston, Little, Brown, 1964, pp. 225-230. The story of the restoration by one who knew the principals. Charles B. Hosmer, Jr., "The Colonial Revival in the Public Eye: Williamsburg and Early Garden Restoration," The Colonial Revival in America, Alan Axelrod, ed., New York, Norton, 1985, pp. 52-70. Reports on the work of Arthur A. Shurcliff (Shurtleff until c. 1930). Jane M. Lape, et al., Ticonderoga: Patches and Patterns from its Past, Ticonderoga, Ticonderoga Historical Society, 1969, pp. 105-106, 139-142, 267-268, 271. Alice B. Lockwood, comp. and ed., Gardens of Colony and State; Gardens and Gardeners of the American Colonies and of the Republic Before 1840 for Garden Club of America, New York, Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1931. [FTA]. See vol. I, pp. 268-269, re Hosack’s Elgin Gardens, and ills. of both Hosack and Garden. Mac Griswold and Eleanor Weller, "Green Grandeur: American Estate Gardening in the French Style, 1890-1940," The Magazine Antiques, vol. 140 no. 3 (September 1991), pp. 388-401. Mac Griswold and Eleanor Weller, The Golden Age of American Gardens: Proud Owners, Private Estates, 1890-1940, New York, Harry Abrams with the Garden Club of America, 1991, 408 pp., illustr. [FTA]. Other articles about Fort Ticonderoga appeared in The Magazine Antiques for July 1946, pp. 26-28, and July 1963, pp. 57-59. Dr. Hosack’s Elgin Gardens, New York City (1798-1811+) Dr. David Hosack, Statement of Facts, March 1811. [Property transferred to NYS in January 1811.] Dr. David Hosack, Hortus Elginensis: or a Catalogue of Plants, Indigenous and Exotic, Cultivated in the Elgin Botanic Garden, in the Vicinity of the City of New York, New York, 1811, 65 pp. Offered for sale in Wm Reese Catalog 182, #51 (1/99), and Catalog 196 #63. Addison Brown, The Elgin Botanic Garden: Its Later History and Relation to Columbia College and The New Hampshire Grants and the Treaty with Vermont in 1790, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, The New Era Printing Company, 1908. First appeared in The Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden, vol. V, pp. 319-372. Columbia was granted Hosack’s Elgin Gardens in 1814. The essay tries to settle the question of whether this grant was in compensation of lands lost to Vermont by the Treaty of 1790. Dr. David Hosack was said to have been an early patron of Thomas Cole. A Ticonderoga / Gelyna connection? Claire G. Fox, "The Surprising Harvest of Dr. Hosack’s Garden," New York History, vol. LXVII no. 2 (April 1986), pp. 198-209. Ulysses Prentiss Hedrick, A History of Agriculture in the State of New York, (1933) New York, Hill and Wang, 1966, pp. 115, 382, 384, 404, 406.
Engravings L. Simond, Medical Repository, 1810, vol. 13, p. 217. Lithographic copy in Valentine’s Manual, 1859, p. 204. (dated 1825). Hugh Reinagle, Catalogus Elginensis, 1811; and in American Medical and Philosophical Register, vol. 2 (1814), p. 1. unknown, similar to Simond view, "1825," Magazine of American History, vol. 16 (1886), pp. 218, 219. Hugh Reinagle, "View of Elgin Gardens on Fifth Avenue," c. 1811, illustrated as plate #98 in New Perspectives on Charles Willson Peale, Lillian B. Miller and David C. Ward, eds., Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Press, 1991. [Reinagle visited and drew the ruins of Fort Ticonderoga c. 1815.] |
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